The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between the parameters of the microstructure and the mechanical behavior of cast composite materials of the Al-Al₃Ti system, considering modern representations about the mechanisms of their structure formation and strengthening. 

Methods. Cast composite materials with endogenous intermetallic reinforcement were obtained by adding compacted titanium powder (>99.5% Ti) with a size of <300 μm in an amount of 3 wt.% into an aluminum melt of the composition Al + 7 wt.% Zn + 3 wt.% Mg. To study the obtained materials, computer methods of quantitative metallography and the method of measuring hardness were used. The relationship between the microstructure and mechanical behavior of aluminum matrix composites was analyzed using generally accepted theories of reinforcing.

Results. It is shown that during direct chemical interaction between powdered particles of metallic titanium with an aluminum melt of the Al-Zn-Mg system, the formation of dispersed Al₃Ti particles uniformly distributed over the volume of the material occurs. The synthesized particles had an average size of 11.42 µm and occupied an area fraction of 10.27%. The formation mechanism of Al₃Ti reinforcing particles is considered. The average values of the hardness of samples of aluminum matrix composites in the as-cast state were 141.6 HB, while the hardness of the unreinforced matrix was 92 HB. An analysis was made of the potential mechanisms of strengthening of cast composite materials that determine their mechanical behavior in conjunction with the processes of structure formation.

Conclusion. Direct synthesis of aluminum matrix composites with endogenous intermetallic reinforcement by adding compacted powder precursors into the matrix melt made it possible to achieve an excellent degree of uniformity in the distribution of reinforcing particles without the use of special technological equipment. Presumably, the predominant mechanism of strengthening of cast composite materials of the Al/Al₃Ti system should be considered strengthening due to a mismatch between the thermal expansion coefficients and elastic moduli of the components and Hall-Petch strengthening due to the modifying action of Al₃Ti particles with respect to crystals of the α-solid solution of matrix aluminum alloys.

Purpose of research.  Production of new composite materials based on aluminum, reinforced with dispersed, highstrength, refractory SiO2 nanoparticles in the field of centrifugal forces of the centrifuge, as well as the study of the properties of the obtained composite materials and the mechanisms of their hardening.

Methods. As the matrix material, high purity cast aluminum corresponding to the A99 grade was used, which was strengthened with nanoparticles: SiO2 produced by Plasmotherm LLC, the average particle size is 15 nm. An elemental local analysis of the chemical composition was carried out using electronic Auger spectroscopy. The dislocation structure of CM reinforced with dispersed silicon dioxide nanoparticles and their distribution in the matrix material were studied using transmission electron microscopy. The nature of the fracture was studied using scanning electron microscopy. The hardness of specially prepared samples was determined by the Rockwell method. The bending strength was determined by the three-point bending method. Tests for heat resistance were carried out by the weight method. 

Results. In the process of crystallization in the field of centrifugal forces of the centrifuge, CM based on an aluminum matrix reinforced with dispersed nanoscale particles in an amount not exceeding 1% were obtained. During a series of mechanical tests, it was proved that with an increase in the gravitational coefficient and the concentration of the hardening phase, the physical and mechanical characteristics increase. Using a number of microstructural analyses, it was proved that silicon dioxide nanoparticles aggregate and form agglomerates ranging in size from 100–300 nm. The agglomerates formed during crystallization are germinal centers and are located inside the grains along the boundaries of the subgrains. 

Conclusion. Composite materials based on high purity aluminum corresponding to the A99 grade, reinforced with SiO₂ nanoparticles, were obtained in the field of centrifugal force of the centrifuge with a gravitational coefficient equal to 121 and 164g. The influence of the nanoparticles used on the physico-mechanical and operational properties of the composite material is proved. A method of introducing strengthening nanoparticles in the form of pre–pressed briquettes - ligatures with a given content of the strengthening phase is proposed.

Purpose. Determination of parametric parameters of the shape of electrocorundum particles obtained by electrodispersing waste electrical aluminum grade AD0E in distilled water.

Methods. Electrodispersion (ED) of electrical aluminum waste of the AD0E brand was carried out in an oxygen-containing liquid (distilled water) on an installation patented by employees of the Powder Metallurgy and Coatings Scientific and Educational Center. 

The voltage at the electrodes, the pulse repetition frequency and the capacitance of the discharge capacitors were changed to vary the granulometric composition of the electrocorundum powder. The study of the parameters of the state of the surface of electrocorundum particles obtained under the conditions of electroerosion metallurgy of AD0E grade aluminum waste was carried out on a QUANTA 600 FEG scanning microscope. The elongation coefficient of electrocorundum particles was carried out on the Analysette 22 NanoTec device. 

Results. It has been experimentally established that electrocorundum particles obtained under the conditions of electroerosion metallurgy of aluminum waste of the AD0E grade in an oxygen-containing liquid have spherical and elliptical shapes with an average elongation coefficient of 1.25.

Giving the electrocorundum particles the shape of a sphere and an ellipse is facilitated by the conditions of powder formation of liquid metal droplets in the conditions of electroerosive metallurgy of AD0E grade aluminum metal waste, which are ejected from the electric discharge channel in molten form into a reactor filled with distilled water.

In the process of electroerosive metallurgy of aluminum metal waste, molten aluminum collide with each other, which is accompanied by the appearance of characteristic collision marks on their surface. In the event that the temperature difference of the colliding particles is not significant, then their agglomeration occurs.

Conclusion. In accordance with the goal aimed at determining the parametric parameters of the shape of electrocorundum particles obtained by electrodispersing waste electrical aluminum grade AD0E in distilled water, the high efficiency of the use of electroerosive metallurgy technology, which provides, at low energy costs, the production of new powder particles of electrocorundum with spherical and elliptical shape suitable for industrial use, is shown.

Purpose. The purpose of this study is a detailed study of temperature fields during the preparation of alloy 1379c, transportation of the melt through a tray system, filtration of the melt through a foam ceramic filter and casting of cylindrical ingots by computer modeling in the ESI ProCAST software package with verification of models on a laboratory installation of semi-continuous casting of aluminum alloy ingots (UPNL).

Methods. The ProCAST software package was used for computer modeling. For physical modeling and verification of computer simulation results, a laboratory installation of semi-continuous casting of aluminum alloys (UPNL) was used. Ingots were obtained from alloy 1379c. The microstructure of the ingots obtained was evaluated by metallographic methods on an optical microscope using computer methods of quantitative metallography.

Results. The simulation of the process of semi-continuous casting of aluminum alloys at the site starting from the melt outlet from the melting furnace and ending with the crystallizer is carried out. As a result of metallographic study of the structure of the ingots obtained, it was determined that the average size of primary silicon crystals in ingots is 41 ±16 microns, while the size of small particles is 23 ±5 microns (30% fraction), the size of medium particles is 44 ±9 microns (56% fraction), the size of large particles is 69 ±9 microns (14%), the range of particle sizes in the ingot is 12-91 microns.

Conclusion. Dynamic models of melt overflow through a metallotract, melt filtration through a foam ceramic filter have been developed. Modeling of ingot casting with subsequent verification and correction of models based on the results of laboratory experiments allowed us to choose the optimal mode of ingot casting, to obtain in ingots the size of primary silicon crystals less than 25 microns and to achieve the accuracy of the simulation results of more than 93%.

Purpose. Development of an automated device that provides the specified parameters of the technological process of forming layered composite materials. The main objective of this work was to study the drive of the mobile platform of the developed robotic system implemented on the basis of synchronized linear electric drives equipped with a position control system. 

Methodology. The research methods of the developed robotic system are based on obtaining dynamic parameters of the movement of the executive body and determining the forces and moments of the drives by conducting mathematical modeling of its movement. Taking into account the existing technologies for manufacturing parts from composite materials, it is necessary to develop a layout version of a robotic system for materials based on vacuum infusion, which provides molding of parts from a thermoplastic composite.  By setting the trajectory of the platforms, using differential equations and Coulomb dry friction models, it is necessary to obtain the laws of change in the output force of the drive and determine its technical parameters. 

Results. Using the developed models and setting the trajectory of the executive body, the law of change of the drive force and its mechanical power were obtained. The results of the study include the development of a methodology and an assessment of the parameters of the drive system and will be useful to developers of new mechatronic-type equipment for the manufacture of composite materials.

Conclusion. Modern composites, whose mechanical characteristics are superior to traditional materials, have significantly lower mass, which explains their widespread use in many industries. The developed method of creating an autonomous technological system makes it possible to significantly improve the quality of manufacturing the final product from composite material, through the use of a controlled mechatronic drive of a robotic system for vacuuming composites, providing a given law of motion of the working body.

Purpose. Investigation of the effect of nitrocementation at low temperatures of HCG steel in a highly active nitrogencarbon medium on the structure, phase composition and properties to recommend it as a material for precision parts of diesel fuel equipment.

Methods. Nitrocementation at 520 − 600⁰C in an active medium based on carbamide and potassium ferro-sineride ensures the production of solid carbonitride phases on the surface that are resistant to wear in the conditions of operation of precision parts of diesel fuel equipment. 

Results. It has been experimentally shown that the wear resistance of nitrocemented steel HCG is 2.7 − 4.4 times higher than the wear resistance of hardened steel HVG. The achievement of the maximum wear resistance of modified steel is observed when the carbonitride content in the structure is more than 70%. At the same time, the hardness of the worn surface becomes almost equal to the hardness of quartz particles and their abrasive action on such a surface ceases. The intensity of wear of modified parts in such conditions is minimized – by a fraction more compared to parts that have not been subjected to nitrocementation.

Conclusion. The conducted studes have shown that tungsten-free tool steel HCG with surface hardening (modification) by low-temperature nitrocementation can be successfully used for the manufacture of diesel fuel equipment parts instead of traditional tungsten-containing steel HVG.

The use of nitrocemented steel HCG in the mass production of diesel fuel equipment can give a significant economic effect due to the lower cost of steel and increased durability of nitrocemented parts. The choice of one or another nitrocementation mode depends on the technological capabilities of the enterprise producing parts of diesel fuel equipment.

Purpose. Construction of a mathematical model of the behavior of a мagnetoactive elastomer (MAE), which takes into account magnetic and elastic interactions between filler particles and allows describing the effect of pseudoplasticity under compression and tension in an external magnetic field. Development of a software that implements this model. Methods. When solving an elastic problem in the framework of the theory of small deformations, the esys/escript library was used (this is a tool for implementing mathematical models in Python using the finite element method). To describe the MAE, the total energy is written, consisting of elastic and magnetic parts. To minimize it, taking into account the constraints in the form of non-penetration of particles, nonlinear programming algorithms from the libraries JuMP (this is a domain-specific modeling language for mathematical optimization built into the Julia language) and Ipopt - Interior Point Optimizer - is an open source software package for large-scale nonlinear optimization.

Results. A mathematical model of the behavior of a мagnetoactive elastomer is constructed, which takes into account magnetic and elastic interactions between filler particles, which makes it possible to describe the effect of pseudoplasticity (magnetic shape memory effect) during compression and tension in an external magnetic field. A software has been developed that implements this mathematical model. Loading curves in a magnetic field under compression and tension of a MAE sample are obtained.

Conclusion. From the results of the numerical calculation, it can be seen that the yield stress and residual strain in the MAE sample under compression and tension have significant differences. An explanation of the mechanisms responsible for pseudoplasticity when the sign of the load changes is proposed. The results obtained can be used to develop a phenomenological model of the MAE behavior with a structural parameter.

Purpose. Nanostructuring in hafnium nitride magnetron nanofilms with varying thickness.

Methods. Magnetron HfN nanofilms were deposited on silicon substrates in the direct current mode in an MVU TMMagna T facility (NIITM, Zelenograd). Obtaining nanofilms with a given thickness was achieved by varying the sputtering time in the range from 60 to 900 s. Nanoscale characterization of HfN nanofilms was carried out by atomic force microscopy and X-ray phase analysis. The fractal dimension was determined by the cube counting method.

Results. It was established that the growth of the HfN nanofilm proceeded according to the Volmer-Weber mechanism, the granulometric size distribution of nanoclusters in the HfN nanofilms was close to normal. Based on atomic force microscopic images of the nanofilm surface, both their average and root-mean-square roughnesses were calculated. According to the data of X-ray phase analysis in accordance with the Debye-Scherrer-Selikhov and Wolfe-Bragg formulas, the dimensions of the coherence region and the relative deformations of the crystal lattice are calculated, respectively.

Conclusion. Depending on the sputtering time, the coherent scattering regions L(t) changed nonlinearly, which indicated a structural transition with a characteristic change in the nanofilm surface morphology. The calculated values of the dependence of deformation changes – a(t) had an alternating form, that is, the process of formation of HfN nanofilms at the initial stage was accompanied by compression and then by tension. The time dependence of the fractal dimension D_f(t) always exceeded 2, which indicated that the nanofilms are three-dimensional. In this case, the dependence Df(t) reached Dfmax at ≈480 s. The alternating form of changes in dL/dt and da/dt and the existence of Dfmax at the corresponding sputtering times indicated the dominant growth of HfN nanofilms according to the Volmer-Weber mechanism with the formation of columnar structures.

Purpose. To develop a model of small sample of the ferrogel with non-prescribed internal structure, which allows to account excluded volume of polymer matrix and permits noticeable filler rearrangements under external magneto-mechanical load, and simultaneously, has sufficient numerical efficiency.  

Methods and approaches. The model is based on a coarse-grained molecular dynamics approach. Ferrogel is represented as system of spherical objects of two types –  single-domain magnetic particles and polymer “blobs” – bound by Lennard-Jones interaction and network of elastic bonds. The later has random and coherent internal structure, which is formed at the initial stage of the calculation, and ensures elastic response of the sample. The influence of the thermofluctuations on the ferrogel is accounted through Langevin thermostat.

Results. The series of calculations for submicron samples with various concentration of monodisperse magnetic nanoparticles were performed. The dependencies of the average sample magnetic moment, obtained in the simulation of quasi-static magnetization cycles, shows, particularly, that for considered model dipolar interaction promotes magnetization. Then, numerical experiments on the uniaxial mechanical stretching were performed 1) for non-magnetized samples and 2) in the presence of a permanent magnetic field. It is found, that magnetization reinforces material elastic module, especially in case when the field is parallel to stretching direction. 

Concluson. There is proposed a model of the small ferrogel sample with representation of gel matrix as LennardJones fluids crosslinked by elastic bonds. Test calculations with samples with various concentration of magnetic filler prove the numerical efficiency and physical propriety of the model. The further development of the model are related to increasing of amount of magnetic particles and identification of mechanical model parameters based to experimental data regarding real ferrogel behavior.

Purpose of the work. To find out to what extent the Neel mechanism of magnetization relaxation affects the dynamic susceptibility of a magnetic fluid based on magnetically hard particles of cobalt ferrite. 

Research method consists in measuring the dynamic susceptibility of a ferrofluid based on cobalt ferrite particles dispersed in water. The measurements were carried out using a mutual induction bridge. In our experiments, the Brownian relaxation time of the magnetization was varied by successively adding small amounts of polyvinyl alcohol. At the same time, all other liquid parameters, such as temperature, concentration, and dispersion composition, remained constant. 

Results. The frequency dependences of the dynamic susceptibility were measured for four liquid samples with viscosities of 3.4, 8.3, 23, and 117 cP at room temperature. The dependences obtained have a quasi-Debye form with a pronounced maximum on the frequency dependence of the imaginary part of the dynamic susceptibility. As the viscosity of the magnetic fluid increases, the dependences obtained show a gradual increase in the characteristic time of magnetization relaxation. The energy dissipation maximum (the position of the maximum on the imaginary part of the susceptibility) shifts towards low frequencies. In this case, the shift of the maximum is significantly ahead of the increase in the viscosity of the liquid. The relative width of the energy absorption maximum also grows continuously. 

Conclusion. The observed dependences cannot be explained on the basis of the concepts of complete freezing-in of the magnetic moments of particles. Obviously, the Neel mechanism of magnetization relaxation continues to play a significant role in the process of dynamic magnetization of cobalt ferrite particles. The results obtained can serve as a basis for further development of the theory of Néel relaxation of the magnetization of nanosized particles.

Purpose. To investigate the dynamic behavior of gas bubbles and droplets in a magnetic liquid in microfluidic chips of various configurations in an inhomogeneous magnetic field.

Methods. The study was carried out on an experimental setup for studying multiphase systems in microchannels, developed on the basis of known methods. An annular permanent magnet was used as a magnetic field source, and a two-channel syringe pump made from a 3D printer assembly kit was used to supply liquids to the microfluidic chip. The dynamics of drop and bubble flows was recorded using an optical microscope. Microfluidic devices are made in two ways: based on sandwich structures with Parafilm film and using ESCARGOT technology.

Results. The paper presents an experimental setup for the study of multiphase systems in microchannels. A number of experiments have been carried out in which the hydrodynamics and hydroaerodynamics of various non-magnetic and magnetic fluids in microfluidic chips are investigated. It is shown how the wettability of the walls of microfluidic devices affects the formation of droplets in the channel. The results of the study of the dependence of the size of nonmagnetic inclusions on the change in the magnetic fluid flow rate showed that the volume of generated water droplets decreases due to an increase in the continuous phase flow rate or an increase in the magnetic field strength acting on a magnetic multiphase system.

Conclusion. During the experiment, it was found that the formation of droplets in the channel was best traced in chips based on a silicone compound, where mineral or synthetic oils were the continuous medium. It was determined that the size and surface of the microchannel also influences the formation of emulsions in microchannels. The chosen chip configuration (flow focusing) is optimal for studying non-magnetic inclusions in MF, therefore, this type of microfluidic devices will be more promising for further studies of droplet hydrodynamics in microfluidic systems.

Purpose. Calculation of the magnetic interaction forces of a pair of nonlinearly magnetized particles arbitrarily located in a uniform external magnetic field. Description of differences in the calculation of interparticle forces using other models.

Methods. The magnetostatic problem for two spherical nonlinearly magnetized particles placed in a uniform magnetic field was transformed by iterative algorithm to a sequence of linear magnetostatic problems, which, in turn, were solved by the finite element method. The computer code that implements the specified algorithm is written in python using the esys.escript library. The obtained energy data were interpolated by splines. Numerical differentiation was used to calculate the forces.

Results. In results data of energy and forces arising between particles were obtained in a wide range of parameters characterizing the problem: the distance between the centers of the particles, the external field intensity, and the angle of the pair relative to the field. The conclusion about attraction between particles as the predominant type of interaction in MRE is confirmed. Compared to previous works, the contribution of the tangential component of the magnetic interaction forces has been significantly refined. The inability of the model of nonlinear interacting dipoles to give a correct estimate of the interaction forces in the considered range of fields for pair of particles located at an angle to the external magnetic field is revealed.

Conclusion. The concept of the magnitude and direction of forces acting between particles located at an angle to the applied magnetic field has been expanded. The necessity of an analytical formula that would describe the dependence of the energy of particles on all three parameters is substantiated: the distance between their centers, the external field, and the angle of rotation relative to this field.

The purpose of the study is to reveal regularities between granulometric and phase transformations occurring during the thermal treatment of magnetron titanium dioxide films and their photocatalytic properties. 

Methods. The samples were synthesized using the magnetron sputtering device MVU TM "Magna T" (Russia) and the heater Mini Lamp Annealer MILA-5050. Morphological features and changes in the film surface structure after annealing were studied using a JEOL JSM-6610LV scanning electron microscope (SEM) (SEM, 20 kV, up to 100000×, X-Max Silicon Drift Detector, Oxford Instruments). The samples were characterized by small-angle X-ray scattering in the linear collimation mode (diffractometer SAXSess mc2, Anton Paar, Austria). The SEM images were processed using the program Digimizer. The photocatalytic activity of titanium dioxide films was studied by the spectrophotometric method during the oxidation reaction of the organic dye methylene blue.

Results. As a result of the study, it was found that with increasing time and temperature of thermal treatment, the dispersion and average grain size increase. In samples obtained at a temperature of 800 °C, a significant coarsening of the grain structure is observed with a simultaneous increase in the crystallinity of the samples. Thermal annealing leads to phase transformations in TiO₂ nanofilms. At a temperature of 400°C, an anatase phase is formed, which, upon annealing at 600°C and 800°C, irreversibly transforms into the rutile phase. 

Conclusion. The TiO₂ grain size and phase composition determine the physicochemical properties of annealed magnetron titanium dioxide films. Thermal annealing leads to changes in particle size distribution and phase transformations in the samples. The formation of nanofilms with a phase composition (Anatase/Rutile 70%/15%) with a low degree of crystallinity makes it possible to obtain nanofilms with the highest photocatalytic activity. An increase in the annealing temperature up 800°C leads to an increase in the crystallinity of the nanofilm and the transformation of the anatase phase into rutile, which reduces the photocatalytic activity of titanium dioxide nanofilms. 

The purpose. To study the possibility of describing electrohydrodynamic processes in an EHD transducer with planeparallel grid electrodes, taking into account local hydraulic resistances.

Methods. Using the method of integral relations and non-dimensionalization of variables that determine the force parameter of the Coulomb field and hydraulic resistance, on the one hand, and the value of unipolar charge formation, on the other, practically important relations for a cylindrical EHD system are obtained. By tabulating the dimensionless parameters characterizing the system, the effective modes of operation of a grid cylindrical EHD transducer are considered. The method of using the empirical relations of hydraulics made an assessment of the influence of local hydraulic resistance on the pressure characteristics of the system. Comparison of calculations with experimental model is carried out.

Results. The modes of operation of a grid EHD transducer included in a closed hydraulic circuit are considered depending on dimensionless variables, on the one hand, expressing the level of charge injection of one of the electrodes, and, on the other hand, the power characteristic of the electric field and the magnitude of the hydraulic resistance of the external contour of a circular cross section . An engineering assessment is made of the influence of local hydraulic resistances, electrode grids with a given geometry, and sudden expansions and contractions of the working fluid flow on variable sections of a specific cylindrical structure of the EHD system on the pressure drop.

Conclusion. For a fixed dimensionless parameter that characterizes the hydraulic resistance of the external circuit and the force effect of the interelectrode electric field, there are interval values of the parameter that determines charge injection, at which the efficiency of the grid EHD system is maximum. Even at low speeds, the resistance of the mesh electrodes significantly reduces the pressure created by the pump (up to 50%). At high hydraulic resistances corresponding to static pressure characteristics, the considered model satisfactorily describes the characteristics of the EHD system.

Purpose of the study. To study the conditions for determining the normalized components SiO₂, Cr₂O₃, Al₂O₃, Fe₂O₃, MgO in starting metallurgical mixtures by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. Justify the method of sample preparation for analysis by pressing and fusion. Set the optimal parameters of the device, allowing for precise determination of normalized components in starting mixtures. To develop a technique for X-ray fluorescence analysis of metallurgical starting mixtures. Evaluate the reproducibility and correctness of the determination of normalized components. Methods. The determination of SiO₂, Cr₂O₃, Al₂O₃, Fe₂O₃, MgO was carried out on a ZSX Primus IV X-ray fluorescence wave-dispersive spectrometer (Rigaku, Japan), sample preparation was carried out by pressing the analyzed sample on a boric acid substrate (Herzog hydraulic press, Germany) and fusion (Katanax fusion furnace, Canada). The parameters of the X-ray fluorescence spectrometer have been optimized for the precise determination of normalized components. The parameters of calibration curves for the determination of oxides in starting mixtures have been established. 

Results. A technique has been developed for the simultaneous determination of all normalized components in starting mixtures CCT-X, CCT-2, Borstart, Start-RMK-SSC, Theramer Fill 135, which are most commonly used in metallurgical production. Due to the lack of standard samples of metallurgical starting mixtures, the assessment of reproducibility and accuracy of determination was carried out using standard samples that are as close as possible in composition to the analyzed samples and production samples that were previously analyzed according to the methods recommended by GOST. The developed technique for X-ray fluorescence analysis of metallurgical starting mixtures can be recommended for use in laboratories of metallurgical enterprises.

Conclusion. The developed method does not contain systematic errors and is characterized by high precision, allows you to quickly and reliably carry out the simultaneous determination of normalized components in starting mixtures, reduces the consumption of reagents compared to currently used methods of analysis in practice.

Purpose. Report the emergent (unexpected) properties of magnetic materials compared to those expected when they are obtained in aqueous micellar solutions of surfactants (aqueous quantum materials).

Methods. Chemical synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles in aqueous micellar solutions of surfactants of various nature. Characterization of magnetic solutions and nanoparticles by magnetic measurements, spectroscopy, diffractometry, small-angle X-ray diffraction, scanning probe microscopy, and others.

Results. The term 'water quantum material' refers to materials (micellar solutions) whose properties are mainly determined by the nuclear quantum effect at macroscopic scales (emergent property) and which exhibit phenomena and functionality not expected in the classical theory of micellization. The nuclear quantum effect is described in the articles and patents of the authors and is the mainstream of the modern scientific direction. The article presents in detail the experimentally confirmed emergent properties of magnetic materials obtained in aqueous micellar solutions of surfactants. In particular, Gd3+ ions in an aqueous micellar solution of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) exhibit paramagnetic properties, while in liquid crystals (CH3COO–)3Gd3+–water–undecane they exhibit ferromagnetic properties. Hybrid Gd/Pt nanoparticles obtained in a quantum material with cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) Pt-Gd exhibit anomalous magnetic properties. Nanosized powders of cobalt ferrite and nickel ferrite obtained in a micellar solution of sodium dodecyl sulfate have superparamagnetic properties, which is typical for magnetic nanomaterials.

Conclusion. The synthesis of nanoparticles in a quantum material opens up the possibility of reducing ions of different signs in one stage during the processing of metallurgy waste in order to obtain nanoparticles of various metals and their composites. Magnetic nanoparticles obtained in a quantum surfactant material self-assemble on various substrates, which makes it possible to create materials whose residual magnetization and coercive field can be controlled at room temperatures.