The use of Protective Wear-Resistant Coatings to Increase the Durability of Foundry Molds

The purpose of the work was to develop technological and operational measures for the creation and implementation of wear-resistant protective coatings to harden tool surfaces and improve performance. 

Materials and methods of research. The steels used by 5KHNM, 9KHS, SHX15, used for the production of injection molding molds, as well as the following powder materials were selected as objects of research: PN85Y15, PCM, tungsten carbide. To study the hardening process of injection molding molds by diffusion metallization and laser radiation, samples with a size of 50×10 mm were prepared. During diffusion metallization, coatings with the above powders were applied to the surface of the samples with a plasma torch using the following technology: degreasing the surface with uyat spirit; shot blasting of the surface (to improve the quality of adhesion of the coating to the substrate); plasma spraying of the coating. After diffusion metallization, the mold samples were subjected to diffusion annealing in the atmosphere of a chamber furnace of the OKB-laboratory type and in a protective hydrogen atmosphere. After annealing, the samples were cooled in air. 

Results and discussion. It is established that the degree of hardening of steel under laser heating conditions is greatly influenced by the content of carbon and carbide-forming elements in it. It is shown that the maximum hardening is observed in steel SHX15, since it has an increased carbon content. It is revealed that during diffusion metallization, which includes as an initial operation plasma spraying of chromium coating and subsequent annealing in a protective atmosphere of hydrogen at a temperature of 1200 ℃ for five hours, a diffusion layer with a depth of 20...60 microns is formed on the surface of steel samples of injection molds, providing an improvement in the performance characteristics of the material.

Conclusion. The results obtained can be used to establish patterns of behavior of various types of ingot, powder and composite materials with high dispersion in phase and structural components in various conditions and states.

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