Evaluation of the synergistic properties of biologically active compounds extracted from barberry, rosehip, and hawthorn fruits to select a composition with the best yield

Purpose to assess the content of biologically active components in extracts obtained from wild hawthorn, barberry, and rosehip fruits growing in the Kursk region using the method of maceration and continuous extraction at the boiling point of the solvent in a Soxhlet apparatus, and to compare the obtained values with those obtained by extracting biologically active substances from a mixture of dried fruits in order to identify a synergistic effect.

Methods: extraction of organic compounds; qualitative and quantitative determination of biologically active compounds; UV spectrophotometry; kinetic method for determining the rate constant; methods for determining "oxidative spoilage".

Results. The paper considers known options for using extracts of fruits of garden and wild plants natural sources of antioxidants in the production of functional beverages. Extracts from hawthorn, barberry and rosehip fruits were obtained by maceration and continuous extraction, followed by a comparative assessment of their vitamin content, the amount of flavonoids and the amount of saponins. The option of extracting BAS from a mixture of dried fruits in a Soxlet apparatus with a different mass ratio is considered with an estimate of the amount of BAS extracted, and a combination with a pronounced synergistic effect is identified. The oil extracts are resistant to oxidative spoilage..

Conclusion. It has been established that the differences in the extraction method by different methods are already manifested at the stage of assessing the appearance of the obtained extracts, and extraction in the Soxhlet apparatus is more effective for extracting these groups of compounds. Maceration for the specified time and three cycles of continuous extraction are insufficient for complete extraction under the selected conditions. The transition to combinations of two fruits revealed a synergistic effect in most cases for the extraction of bioactive substances, with the greatest effect observed for the extraction of component C. When switching to three-component mixtures, a decrease in the synergistic effect was observed, and the extraction rate increased under these conditions, reaching the maximum concentration of extractable substances.

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