Study of the Structure and Properties of Steel G13 with Modifying and Organic Additives

The purpose of the study – is to determine the effect of modifying and organic additives on the structure and properties of G13 powder steel.
Methods. The study of the microstructure and mechanical properties of G13 sludge with modifying and organic additives was carried out. As modifying additives were used: nano-aluminum oxide powder and nano-zirconium oxide powder. The following organic additives were used: ethylene-bis-stearomide, nickel stearate, copper stearate, manganese stearate, iron stearate. The microstructure was studied using an S-3400N electron microscope. Hardness was determined by the depth of the indentation by the Rockwell method. A hardened steel ball with a diameter of 1.56 mm was taken as an indenter. Bending tests were carried out on an MFL HUS-2010z electro-hydraulic tensile testing machine in automatic mode using an IBM PX personal computer.
Results. When studying the microstructure of steel G13, it was found that the most fine-grained austenite structure is observed in steel with the following composition of the initial charge: Fe + 14.5% FeMn + 1.2% C + ZrO2 (nano). A uniform structure of austenite with small rounded pores is observed in steel G13, which has the following compositions of the initial charge: Fe + 13% FeMn + 1.3% C + 1% St.Cu; Fe + 14.5%FeMn + 1.2%C + 0.5% St.Mn (warm mix). The study of mechanical characteristics has shown that the best combination of hardness after sintering and bending strength is possessed by workpieces made from a powder mixture of composition Fe + 14.5% FeMn + 1.2% C + 0.5% St. Ni.
Conclusion. The most positive effect on the structure of G13 powder steel was exerted by the modifying additive of nano-zirconium oxide powder, as well as organic additives of copper stearate and manganese stearate. The best combination of mechanical characteristics (hardness and bending strength) is exhibited by billets into which an organic additive of nickel stearate was introduced.

1. Libenson G. A., Lopatin V. Yu., Komarnickij G. V. Processy poroshkovoj metallurgii [Processes of powder metallurgy]. Moscow, MISiS Publ., 2002. 318 р.

2. German R. M. Powder metallurgy and particulate materials processing: The processes, materials, products, properties and applications. Princeton, USA, Metal Powder Industries Federation, 2005. 528 p.

3. Garost A. I. Vliyanie marganca na mikrosostav i harakteristiki ekonomnolegirovannyh margancovistyh stalei. Lite i metallurgiya = Casting and metallurgy, 2006, no. 4, рр. 107–114.

4. Savich V. V., Oglezneva S. A. Poroshkovaya metallurgiya: sovremennoe sostoyanie i perspektivy razvitiya [Powder metallurgy: current state and prospects of development]. Perm, Perm National Research Politechnic Univ. Publ., 2021. 695 р.

5. Bouaziz O., Allain S., Scott C. P., Cugy P., Barbier D. High manganese austenitic twinning induced plasticity steels: A review of the microstructure properties relationships. Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science, 2011, vol. 15(4), pp. 141–168.

6. Bogachev I. N., Egolaev V. F. Struktura i svojstva zhelezomargancevyh splavov [Structure and properties of ferromanganese alloys]. Moscow, Metallurgiya Publ., 1973. 295 p.

7. Mihalkina I. V., Bychkov D. Yu., Mamedov B. N., Naimi M. M. Sovremennye tekhnicheskie resheniya povysheniya ekspluatacionnyh svojstv otlivok iz stali marki 110G13L [Modern technical solutions for improving the performance properties of castings from steel grade 110G13L. Tekhnologii metallurgii, mashinostroeniya i materialoobrabotki = Technologies of metallurgy, mechanical engineering and material processing, 2019, no. 18, pp. 72–81.

8. Butenko V. I., Demeshkin A. S., Gusakova L. V. Osobennosti obrabotki i ekspluatacii detalej mashin iz stali 110G13L [Features of processing and operation of machine parts made of steel 110G13L]. Fundamental'nye osnovy fiziki, himii i mekhaniki naukoyomkih tekhnologicheskih sistem formoobrazovaniya i sborki izdelij. Sbornik trudov nauchnogo simpoziuma tekhnologov-mashinostroitelej [Fundamental foundations of physics, chemistry and mechanics of science-intensive technological systems of shaping and assembly of products. Collection of proceedings of the scientific symposium of mechanical engineering technologists]. Rostov-оn-Don, Don. St. Technical Univ. Publ., 2020, pp. 493–498.

9. Egamberdiev I. P., Harafutdinov U. Z. S., Ulugov G. D. Issledovanie vliyaniya sostava i struktury na stali [Investigation of the effect of composition and structure on steel 110G13L]. Journal of Advances in Engineering Technology = Journal of Advances in Engineering Technology, 2021, no. 2, pp. 57–64.

10. Dement T. V. Vliyaniya modificirovaniya stali 110G13L na srednij razmer zeren i vklyuchenij [Influence of modification of steel 110G13L on the average size of grains and inclusions]. Perspektivy razvitiya fundamental'nyh nauk. Sbornik nauchnyh trudov XIV Mezhdunarodnoj konferencii studentov, aspirantov i molodyh uchenyh [Prospects for the development of fundamental sciences. Collection of scientific papers of the XIV International Conference of Students, Postgraduates and Young Scientists]. Tomsk, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University Publ., 2017, pp. 99–101.

11. Cherdyncev V. V., Kaloshkin S. D., Tomilin I. A. Fazovyj sostav i osobennosti struktury mekhanosplavlennyh zhelezomargancevyh splavov [Phase composition and structural features of mechanically alloyed ferromanganese alloys]. Fizika metallov i metallovedenie = Physics of metals and metal science, 2003, vol. 95, is. 4, pp. 39–47.

12. Volosevich P. Yu., Gridnev V. N., Petrov Yu. N. Vliyanie marganca na energiyu defekta upakovki v splavah zhelezo-marganec [Influence of manganese on stacking fault energy in iron-manganese alloys]. Fizika metallov i metallovedenie = Physics of metals and metal science, 1976, vol. 42, is. 2, pp. 372–376.

13. Bogachev I. H., Filippov M. A. Uprochnenie vysokomargancevyh stalej so strukturoj e-martensita pri legirovanii i termomekhanicheskoj obrabotke [Strengthening of high-manganese steels with the e-martensite structure during alloying and thermomechanical]. Vysokoprochnye nemagnitnye stali [Highstrength non-magnetic steels]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1978, pp. 49–56.

14. Zherdickaya N. N., Eremeeva Zh. V. Vliyanie tekhnologicheskih faktorov na strukturoobrazovanie i svojstva poroshkovoj stali PK G13. Soobshchenie 1. Vliyanie neodnorodnosti himicheskogo sostava I poristosti na strukturoobrazovanie i svojstva poroshkovoj stali PK G13 [Influence of technological factors on structure formation and properties of PK G13 powder steel. Message 1. Influence of heterogeneity of chemical composition and porosity on structure formation and properties of PK G13 powder steel]. Izvestiya vysshih uchebnyh zavedenij. Poroshkovaya metallurgiya i funkcional'nye pokrytiya = Proceedings of higher educational institutions. Powder metallurgy and functional coatings, 2012, no. 4, pp. 3–7.

15. Panov V. S., Skorikov R. A., Eremeeva Zh. V., eds. Vliyanie tekhnologicheskih faktorov na strukturu i svojstva poroshkovoj uglerodistoj stali, poluchennoj elektroimpul'snym spekaniem i uprochnennoj nanochasticami [Influence of technological factors on the structure and properties of powdered carbon steel obtained by electropulse sintering and hardened with nanoparticles]. Izvestiya MGTU "MAMI" = Proceedings of MSTU MAMI, 2013, vol. 2, no. 2 (16), pp. 283–290.

16. Sergeev N. N., Sergeev A. N., Kutepov S. N., eds. Vliyanie temperatury otpuska na stojkost' armaturnoj stali 20GS2 protiv vodorodnogo rastreskivaniya [Influence of tempering temperature on the resistance of reinforcing steel 20GS2 against hydrogen cracking]. Izvestiya Yugo-Zapadnogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Tekhnika i tekhnologii = Proceedings of the Southwest State University. Series: Engineering and Technologies, 2018, vol. 8, no. 2 (27), pp. 54–67.

17. Ageev E. V., Ageeva E. V., Chernov A. S., eds. Opredelenie osnovnyh zakonomernostej processa polucheniya poroshkov metodom elektroerozionnogo dispergirovaniya [Determination of the main regularities of the process of obtaining powders by the method of electroerosive dispersion]. Izvestiya YugoZapadnogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta = Proceedings of the Southwest State University, 2013, no. 1 (46), pp. 85–90.

18. D'yachkova L. N., Dechko M. M. Vliyanie nanodispersnyh dobavok na strukturu i svojstva poroshkovoj uglerodistoj i vysokohromistoj stali [Influence of nanodispersed additives on the structure and properties of powdered carbon and high-chromium steel]. Nanotekhnologii: nauka i proizvodstvo = Nanotechnologies: science and production, 2015, no. 3 (35), pp. 5–14.

19. Panov V. S., Skorikov R. A. Vliyanie nanorazmernyh legiruyushchih dobavok na strukturu I svojstva poroshkovyh uglerodistyh stalej [Influence of nanosized alloying additives on the structure and properties of powdered carbon steels]. Nanotekhnologii: nauka i proizvodstvo = Nanotechnologies: science and production, 2015, no. 3 (35), pp. 40–45.

20. Sharipzyanova G. H., Eremeeva Zh. V., Hlamkova S. S., Morozova E. V. Vliyanie prirody ugleroda i iskhodnoj poristosti na strukturoobrazovanie i svojstva poroshkovoj stali G13P [Influence of the nature of carbon and initial porosity on the structure formation and properties of powder steel]. Tekhnicheskie nauki: integraciya nauki i praktiki. Sbornik materialov mezhdunarodnogo nauchnogo e-simpoziuma [Engineering sciences: integration of science and practice. Collection of materials of the international scientific e-symposium]; ed. by N. F. Sirina. Kirov, MCNIP Publ., 2015, pp. 54–60.