The Effect of Heat Treatment on the Change in the Mechanical Properties of Wear-Resistant Bimetals

The purpose. The aim of the work is to study the effect of heat treatment on the mechanical properties of three-layer bimetallic materials obtained by continuous casting and their components.

Methods. In this work, we determined the mechanical properties of three-layer wear-resistant bimetallic materials steel 60 + steel 15 + steel 60; steel 60 + steel 10 + steel 60; U9 + steel 10 + U9; ShKh15 + steel 10 + ShKh15 obtained by continuous casting in LLC "Tulachermet-steel", and their components after various types of heat treatment (quenching, quenching + tempering). The casting of bimetals was carried out using two crystallizers located one above the other in a vertical plane. The upper mold is designed to form the main layer, the lower – the cladding layer. Next, the bimetal was rolled according to the following scheme: the first 2...4 passes-along the axis of the slab, then up to 10...11 passesacross (splitting the width) and then again along until the end of the rolling. After rolling, the strips were straightened on the correct machine, and the end and side edges were cut. As a result, sheets of 7×1465×4037...4471 mm were obtained. To determine the mechanical characteristics, tensile tests were performed according to GOST 1497-84 "Metals. Methods of tensile testing" of samples for mechanical tests on the R-5 breaking machine.

Results. Mechanical tests were carried out. The regularities of changes in the characteristics of mechanical properties are revealed: time resistance, yield strength, relative elongation of the initial working length, relative narrowing. It is shown that the strength characteristics of the studied wear-resistant bimetals after rolling on a 7 mm thick cast and subsequent heat treatment can be arranged in the following sequence: U9 + steel 10 + U9, steel 60 + steel 15 + steel 60, steel 60 + steel 10 + steel 60, ShKh15 + steel 10 + ShKh15. The low properties of bimetal ShKh15 + steel 10 + ShKh15 are probably associated with an underestimated chromium content – 0.48%.

Conclusion. The results obtained can be used to determine the behavior patterns of different types of ingot, powder, and composite materials with high dispersion in the phase and structural components under different conditions and states.

1. Bykov A. A. Razvitie proizvodstva bimetallov [Development of bimetal production]. Metallurg = Metallurg, 2009, no. 9, рр. 61–64.

2. Sirotenko L. D., Shlykov E. S., Ablyaz T. R. Primenenie bimetallicheskikh materialov v mashinostroenii [Application of bimetallic materials in mechanical engineering]. Sovremennye problemy nauki i obrazovaniya = Modern problems of science and education, 2015, no. 2, рр. 163.

3. Sakhtemanyan M. R., Honarpisheh M., Amini S. A new method for modeling materials in single-point incremental molding using ultrasonic vibration of low-carbon steel/commercially pure titanium bimetallic sheet. International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technologies, 2019, vol. 102, no. 1-4, рр. 473–486.

4. Trykov Yu. P., Shmorgun N. G., Slautin O. V., Abramenko S. A., Dontsov D. Yu. Kinetika rosta diffuzionnoi prosloiki v medno-alyuminievykh kompozitakh [Kinetics of the diffusion growth of the interlayer in copper-aluminum composites]. Materialovedenie = Materials Science, 2009, no. 1, pp. 24–28.

5. Shelyakov A. V., Glezer A. M., Fedotov V. T., Resner H., Vilde G. Strukturnye osobennosti kompozitsionnykh materialov, poluchennykh metodom zakalki iz rasplava [Structural features of composite materials obtained by the method of quenching from a melt]. Materialovedenie = Materials Science, 2010, no. 7, pp. 20–23.

6. Kolmakov A. G. Study of the structure, plastic deformation, and fracture of metals using a system approach. Russian Metallurgy (metallurgy), 2004, vol. 2004, is. 4, pp. 384– 391.

7. Nasakina E. O., Baykin A. S., Sergienko K. V., Leonov A.V., Kaplan M. A., Sere- gin A. V., Myasnikova N. V., Sevostyanov M. A., Kolmakov A. G., Simakov S. V. Formation and research of silver–nitinol composite material for medical purposes. Inorganic materials: Applied Research, 2017, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 112–117.

8. Geller A. Yu. Instrumental'nye stali [Tool steels]: 4th ed. Moscow, Metallurgiya Publ., 1975. 584 p.

9. Sergeev N. N., Sergeev A. N., Kutepov S. N., Gvozdev A. E., Klementyev D. S. Struktura i svoistva korrozionnostoikikh i iznosostoikikh bimetallicheskikh kompozitsionnykh materialov [Structure and properties of corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant bimetallic composite materials]. Tula, Tulа St. Univ. Publ., 2021. 120 p.

10. Sergeev N. N., Sergeev A. N., Kutepov S. N., Gvozdev A. E., Shatulsky A. A., Klementyev D. S. Issledovanie mikrostruktury i mekhanicheskikh svoistv korrozionnostoikikh bimetallov, poluchennykh metodom nepreryvnoi razlivki [Research of microstructure and mechanical properties of corrosion-resistant bimetals obtained by the method of continuous casting]. Zagotovitel'nye proizvodstva v mashinostroenii = Procurement production in mechanical engineering, 2019, vol. 17, no. 12, pp. 562–570.

11. Gvozdev A. E., Sergeev N. N., Minaev I. V., Tikhonova I. V., Kolmakov A. G. Rol' protsessa zarodysheobrazovaniya v razvitii nekotorykh fazovykh perekhodov vtorogo roda [The role of the process of embryo formation in the development of some phase transitions of the second kind]. Materialovedenie = Materials Science, 2015, no. 1, pp. 15–21.

12. Gvozdev A. E., Zhuravlev G. M., Kolmakov A. G., Provotorov D. A., Sergeev N. N. Raschet deformatsionnoi povrezhdaemosti v protsessakh obratnogo vydavlivaniya metalli- cheskikh izdelii [Calculation of deformation damage in the processes of reverse extrusion of metal products]. Tekhnologiya metallov = Technology of metals, 2016, no. 1, pp. 23–32.

13. Zhuravlev G. M., Gvozdev A. E. Obrabotka stalei i splavov v intervale temperatur fazovykh prevrashchenii [Processing of steels and alloys in the temperature range of phase transformations]. Tula, Tulа St. Univ. Publ., 2016. 320 p.

14. Sergeev N. N., Gvozdev A. E., Starikov N. E., Zolotukhin V. I., Sergeev A. N., Breki A. D., Kuzovleva O. V., Zhuravlev G. M., Provotorov D. A. Tekhnologiya metallov i splavov [Technology of metals and alloys]; ed. by prof. N. N. Sergeev. Tula, Tulа St. Univ. Publ., 2017. 490 p.

15. Kuzovleva O. V., Gvozdev A. E., Tikhonova I. V., Sergeev N. N., Breki A. D., Starikov N. E., Sergeev A. N., Kalinin A. A., Maliy D. V., Titova Yu. E., Alexandrov S. E., Krylov N. A. O sostoyanii predprevrashcheniya metallov i splavov [On the state of pre-conversion of metals and alloys]. Tula, Tulа St. Univ. Publ., 2016. 245 p.

16. Sergeev N. N., Kutepov S. N., Sergeev A. N., Kolmakov A. G., Izvolsky V. V., Gvozdev A. E. Dlitel'naya prochnost' armaturnoi stali 22X2G2AYu pri ispytaniyakh na korrozionnoe rastreskivanie v kipyashchem rastvore nitratov [Long-term strength of reinforcement steel 22X2G2A when testing for corrosion cracking in a boiling solution of nitrates]. Deformatsiya i razrushenie materialov = Deformation and destruction of materials, 2019, no. 8, pp. 33–39.

17. Gvozdev A. E. Ekstremal'nye effekty prochnosti i plastichnosti v metallicheskikh vysokolegirovannykh slitkovykh i poroshkovykh sistemakh [Extreme effects of strength and plasticity in high-alloy metal ingot and powder systems]. 2th ed., red. and add. Tula, Tulа St. Univ. Publ., 2019. 476 p.

18. Shorshorov M. H., Gvozdev A. E., Zolotukhin V. I., Sergeev A. N., Kalinin A. A., Breki A. D., Sergeev N. N., Kuzovleva O. V., Starikov N. E., Maliy D. V. Razrabotka progressivnykh tekhnologii polucheniya i obrabotki metallov, splavov, poroshkovykh i kompozitsionnykh nanomaterialov [Development of progressive technologies for obtaining and processing metals, alloys, powder and composite nanomaterials]. Tula, Tulа St. Univ. Publ., 2016. 235 p.

19. Gvozdev A. E., Zhuravlev G. M., Kolmakov A. G. Formirovanie mekhanicheskikh svoistv uglerodistykh stalei v protsessakh vytyazhki s utoneniem [Formation of mechanical properties of carbon steels in the processes of drawing with thinning]. Tekhnologiya materialov = Materials technology, 2015, no. 11, pp. 17–29.

20. Gvozdev A. E., Kolmakov A. G., Provotorov D. A., Minaev I. V., Sergeev N. N., Tikhonova I. V. Vliyanie raznozernistosti austenita na kinetiku perlitnogo prevrashcheniya v malo- i sredneuglerodistykh nizkolegirovannykh stalyakh [Influence of austenite heterogeneity on the kinetics of perlite transformation in low - and medium-carbon low-alloy steels]. Materialovedenie = Materials Science, 2014, no. 7, pp. 23–26.

21. Gvozdev A. E., Sergeev N. N., Minaev I. V., Tikhonova I. V., Sergeev A. N., Khonelidze D. M., Maly D. V., Golyshev I. V., Kolmakov A. G., Provotorov D. A. Temperature distribution and structure in the heat-affected zone for steel sheets after laser cutting. Inorganic materials: applied research, 2017, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 148–152.

22. Sergeev N. N., Minaev I. V., Tikhonova I. V., Gvozdev A. E., Kolmakov A. G., Sergeev A. N., Kutepov S. N., Maliy D. V. Selection of laser cutting modes for engineering steel sheets to ensure the required surface quality properties. Inorganic materials: applied research, 2020, vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 815–822.

23. Sergeev N. N., Sergeev A. N., Kutepov S. N., Gvozdev A. E., Kolmakov A. G., Klementyev D. S. The influence of heat treatment on the formation of residual stresses in the wear-resistant bimetallic material Steel 60 - Steel 15 - Steel 60. Inorganic materials: applied research, 2021, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 5–9.