<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">techusgu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Юго-Западного государственного университета. Серия: Техника и технологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the Southwest State University. Series: Engineering and Technology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2223-1528</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Юго-Западный государственный университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21869/2223-1528-2022-12-2-96-110</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">techusgu-53</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИЗИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHYSICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Волны на свободной поверхности магнитной жидкости  на жидкой подложке, возбуждаемые вертикальным переменным магнитным полем</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Surface Waves in a Floating Magnetic Fluid Layer under Vertically Oscillating Magnetic Field</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9880-6111</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хохрякова</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khokhryakova</surname><given-names>Ch. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хохрякова Кристина Андреевна, кандидат физико-математических наук, научный  сотрудник лаборатории динамики  дисперсных систем</p><p>ул. Ак. Королева 1, г. Пермь 614013</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Christina A. Khokhryakova, Cand. of Sci. (Physics and Mathematics), Researcher  at the Laboratory of Disperse Systems Dynamics</p><p>1 Ak. Koroleva str., Perm 614013</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bca@icmm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6494-0574</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колесниченко</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolesnichenko</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Колесниченко Екатерина Владимировна, студент физического факультета,  Пермский государственный национальный  исследовательский университет; инженер  лаборатории дисперсных систем</p><p>ул. Ак. Королева 1, г. Пермь 614013</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina V. Kolesnichenko, Student of the Faculty of Physics, Perm State National Research University; Engineer of the Laboratory of Dispersed Systems</p><p>1 Ak. Koroleva str., Perm 614013</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kolesnichenkoev@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт механики сплошных сред Уральского отделения Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics of the Ural Branch of tRussian Academy of Science</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>96</fpage><lpage>110</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Хохрякова К.А., Колесниченко Е.В., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хохрякова К.А., Колесниченко Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khokhryakova C.A., Kolesnichenko E.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://techusgu.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/53">https://techusgu.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/53</self-uri><abstract><p>Целью работы являлось экспериментальное исследование пространственных характеристик волн, образуемых на свободной поверхности слоя магнитной жидкости, плавающего на несмачиваемой жидкой подложке, под действием вертикально осциллирующего пространственно однородного магнитного поля. Данная работа является продолжением цикла исследований деформации свободной поверхности магнитной жидкости, расположенной на жидкой подложке, под действием вертикального пространственно однородного магнитного поля.  </p><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. В основе метода исследования лежала стандартная экспериментальная установка, состоящая из катушек Гельмгольца, питаемых переменным током. С ее помощью была исследована устойчивость двухслойной системы жидкостей в переменном вертикальном поле. Для эффективной обработки результатов опытов была произведена модернизация оптической части экспериментальной установки, для чего поверхность исследуемой жидкости освещалась светодиодным круговым источником света. Для обработки полученных в ходе эксперимента профилей поверхности магнитной жидкости на основе GNU Octave был разработан авторский алгоритм, позволяющий определить длину генерируемых волн.  </p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Представлены, обработаны и обобщены результаты эксперимента с разными толщинами слоев магнитной жидкости в кюветах разного диаметра. Показано, что длина возникающей стоячей волны уменьшается с ростом частоты переменного магнитного поля, увеличивается с ростом диаметра кюветы и не зависит от толщины слоя МЖ. Волновое число стоячих волн монотонно возрастает с ростом безразмерной частоты колебаний магнитного поля. Все рассмотренные параметры и зависимости справедливы для случая глубокой воды.  </p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. В качестве вывода отметим, что полученные в ходе эксперимента результаты расширяют представление о поведении многофазных систем с магнитной жидкостью в магнитном поле. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose. Standing waves arising in a magnetic fluid layer in the presence of a vertically oscillating magnetic field were investigated experimentally. This paper is a continuation of our previous work aimed to study the free surface deformation of a magnetic fluid layer lying on a liquid substrate in a vertically oscillating spatially uniform magnetic field.  Metods. The research method was based on a standard experimental setup consisting of Helmholtz coils powered by alternating current. It was used to study the stability of a two-layer system of liquids in an alternating vertical field. To effectively process the results of the experiments, the optical part of the experimental setup was modernized, for which the surface of the liquid under study was illuminated by an LED circular light source. To process the profiles of the surface of the magnetic fluid obtained during the experiment, based on GNU Octave, an author's algorithm was developed that allows determining the length of the generated waves.  </p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The results of an experiment with different thicknesses of magnetic fluid layers in cuvettes of different diameters are presented, processed, and generalized. It is shown that the length of the emerging standing wave decreases with increasing frequency of the alternating magnetic field, increases with increasing cell diameter, and does not depend on the thickness of the MF layer. The wave number of standing waves increases monotonically with the growth of the dimensionless frequency of magnetic field oscillations. All the parameters and dependences considered in the problem are valid for the case of deep water.  </p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. As a conclusion, we note that the results obtained in the course of the experiment expand the understanding of the behavior of multiphase systems with a ferrofluid in a magnetic field. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>: магнитная жидкость</kwd><kwd>двухслойная система</kwd><kwd>вертикально осциллирующее магнитное поле</kwd><kwd>параметрические колебания</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>magnetic fluid</kwd><kwd>two-layered system</kwd><kwd>vertically oscillating magnetic field</kwd><kwd>parametric oscillations</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках госбюджетной темы «Структурообразование, гидродинамика и магнитомеханика дисперсий нано- и микрочастиц ферромагнетика в жидких и вязкоупругих матрицах (коллоиды, полимерные растворы, гели)» № AAAA-A20-120020690030-5.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was carried out within the framework of the state budget topic “Structure formation, hydrodynamics and magnetomechanics of dispersions of nano- and microparticles of a ferromagnet in liquid and viscoelastic matrices (colloids, polymer solutions, gels)” No. AAAA-A20-120020690030-5.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Muller H. W. Parametrically driven surface waves on viscous ferrofluids // Phys. Rev. E. 1998. Vol 58, No 5. P. 6199–6205. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.58.6199</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Muller H. W. Parametrically driven surface waves on viscous ferrofluids. Phys. Rev. E, 1998, vol. 58, no. 5, рр. 6199–6205. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.58.6199</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cowley M. D., Rosensweig R. E. The interfacial stability of a ferromagnetic fluid // J. Fluid Mech. 1967. Vol. 30. P. 671. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022112067001697</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cowley M. D., Rosensweig R. E. The interfacial stability of a ferromagnetic fluid.  J. Fluid Mech., 1967, vol. 30, рр. 671. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022112067001697</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Richter R., Lange A. Surface instabilities of ferrofluids // Lect. Notes Phys. 2009. No. 763. P. 157–247. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-85387-93</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Richter R., Lange A. Surface instabilities of ferrofluids. Lect. Notes Phys., 2009,  no. 763, pp. 157–247. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-85387-93</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Polunin V. M., Storozhenko A. M., Ryapolov P. A. Study of the interaction of physical fields in the acoustomagnetic effect for a magnetic fluid // Russian Physics Journal. 2012. Vol. 55. P. 536–543. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11182-012-9845-y</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Polunin V. M., Storozhenko A. M., Ryapolov P. A. Study of the interaction of physical fields in the acoustomagnetic effect for a magnetic fluid. Russian Physics Journal, 2012, vol. 55, рр. 536–543. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11182-012-9845-y</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rosensweig R. E. Ferrohydrodynamics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985. 344 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rosensweig R. E. Ferrohydrodynamics. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1985. 344 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Surface waves in ferrofluids under vertical magnetic field / J. Browaeys, J.-C. Bacri, C. Flament, S. Neveu, R. Perzynski // Eur. Phys. J. B. 1999. Vol. 9, is. 2. P. 335–341. https://doi.org/10.1007/s100510050773</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Browaeys J., Bacri J.-C., Flament C., Neveu S., Perzynski R. Surface waves in ferrofluids under vertical magnetic field. Eur. Phys. J. B, 1999, vol. 9, is. 2, рр. 335–341. https://doi.org/10.1007/s100510050773</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bashtovoi V. G. Instability of a thin layer of a magnetic fluid with two free boundaries // Magnetohydrodynamics. 1977. Vol. 13, no. 3. P. 277–281.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bashtovoi V. G. Instability of a thin layer of a magnetic fluid with two free boundaries. Magnetohydrodynamics, 1977, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 277–281.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ландау Л. Д., Лифшиц Е. М. Теоретическая физика. Т. VI: Гидродинамика. 3-е изд., перераб. М.: Наука, Гл. ред. физ.-мат. лит., 1986. 736 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Landau L. D., Lifshitz E. M. Teoreticheskaya fizika. T. 6. Gidrodinamika [Theoretical physics. Vol. 6. Hydrodynamics]. 3th. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1986. 736 р.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rannacher D., Engel A. Double Rosensweig instability in a ferrofluid sandwich structure // Phys. Rev. E. 2004. Vol. 69, is. 6. P. 066306. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.69.066306</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rannacher D., Engel A. Double Rosensweig instability in a ferrofluid sandwich structure. Phys. Rev. E, 2004, vol. 69, is. 6, pp. 066306. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.69.066306</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bushueva C. A. Drop structures formed by ferrofluid in the uniform magnetic field // Magnetohydrodynamics. 2013. Vol. 49, no. 3–4. P. 598–602. https://doi.org/10.22364/mhd.49.3-4.64</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bushueva C. A. Drop structures formed by ferrofluid in the uniform magnetic field.  Magnetohydrodynamics, 	2013, 	vol. 	49, 	no. 	3–4, 	рр. 	598–602. 	https://doi.org/10.22364/mhd.49.3-4.64</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lebedev A. V. Entrainment of a thin film of ferrocolloid by a rotating magnetic field // Magnetohydrodynamics. 1991. Vol. 27, no. 4. P. 461–462.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lebedev A. V. Entrainment of a thin film of ferrocolloid by a rotating magnetic field. Magnetohydrodynamics, 1991, vol. 27, no. 4, рр. 461–462.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">The effect of an oscillating vertically oriented magnetic field on the ferrofluid layer located on a perfluorooctane substrate / C. A. Khokhryakova (Bushueva), K. G. Kostarev, A. V. Lebedev, M. O. Denisova // Magnetohydrodynamics. 2018. Vol. 54, no. 1–2. P. 39–44. https://doi.org/10.22364/mhd</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khokhryakova (Bushueva) C. A., Kostarev K. G., Lebedev A. V., Denisova M. O. The effect of an oscillating vertically oriented magnetic field on the ferrofluid layer located on a perfluorooctane substrate. Magnetohydrodynamics, 2018, vol. 54, no. 1–2, рр. 39–44. https://doi.org/10.22364/mhd</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Berkovsky B. M., Medvedev V. F., Krakov M. S. Magnetic fluids: engineering applications. Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1993. 243 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Berkovsky B. M., Medvedev V. F., Krakov M. S. Magnetic Fluids: Engineering  Applications. Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1993. 243 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bacri J.-C., d’Ortona U., Salin D. Magnetic-fluid oscillator: observation of nonlinear period doubling // Phys. Rev. Lett. 1991. Vol. 67, no. 1. P. 50–53. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.67.50</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bacri J.-C., d’Ortona U., Salin D. Magnetic-fluid oscillator: observation of nonlinear period doubling. Phys. Rev. Lett., 1991, vol. 67, no. 1, рр. 50–53. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.67.50</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bashtovoi V. G., Rosensweig R. E. Excitation and study of subcritical waves on a magnetic fluid surface // JMMM. 1993. Vol. 122. P. 234–240.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bashtovoi V. G., Rosensweig R. E. Excitation and study of subcritical waves on a magnetic fluid surface. JMMM, 1993, vol. 122, рр. 234–240.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Khokhryakova C. A., Kolesnichenko E. V. Stability of a ferrofluid layer on a liquid substrate // Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 2021. Vol. 1809. Art. No. 12021(6).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khokhryakova C. A., Kolesnichenko E. V. Stability of a Ferrofluid layer on a liquid substrate. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2021, vol. 1809, art. no. 12021(6)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Khokhryakova C. A., Kolesnichenko E. V. Waves on a free surface of ferrofluid layer, laying on a liquid substrate // Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 2021. Vol. 1945. Art. no. 012016 (6 p).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khokhryakova C. A., Kolesnichenko E. V. Waves on a free surface of ferrofluid layer, laying on a liquid substrate. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2021, vol. 1945, art.  no. 012016 (6 p).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лебедев А. В. Увлечение тонкой пленки ферроколлоида вращающимся магнитным полем // Magnetohydrodynamics. 1991. № 4. С. 115–131.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lebedev A. V. Uvlechenie tonkoi plenki ferro-kolloida vrashchayushchimsya magnitnym polem [Entrainment of a thin film of ferrocolloid by a rotating magnetic field]. Magnetohydrodynamics, 1991, vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 461–462.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бушуева К. А., Костарев К. Г., Лебедев А. В. Капельные структуры, образуемые феррожидкостью в однородном магнитном поле // Конвективные течения. 2011. № 5. С. 159–170.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bushueva K. A., Kostarev K. G., Lebedev A. V. Kapel'nye struktury, obrazuemye ferrozhidkost'yu v odnorodnom magnitnom pole [Drop structures formed by ferrofluid in the uniform magnetic field]. Konvektivnye techeniya = Konvektivnyie techeniia, 2011, no. 5,  pp. 159–170 (In Rus.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Interfacial waves of the magnetic fluid in vertical alternating magnetic fields / M. Okubo, Y. Ishibashi, S. Oshima, H. Katakura, R. Yamane // JMMM. 1990. Vol. 85, is. 1–3. P. 163–166. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-8853(90)90044-Q</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Okubo M., Ishibashi Y., Oshima S., Katakura H., Yamane R. Interfacial waves of the magnetic fluid in vertical alternating magnetic fields. JMMM, 1990, vol. 85, is. 1–3, рр. 163– 166. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-8853(90)90044-Q</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
