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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">techusgu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Юго-Западного государственного университета. Серия: Техника и технологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the Southwest State University. Series: Engineering and Technology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2223-1528</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Юго-Западный государственный университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21869/9/2223-1528-2026-16-2-75-89</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">techusgu-387</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИЗИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHYSICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Исследование процессов взаимодействия графена, модифицированного бором, с атомами щелочных металлов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Study of the interaction between Boron-doped graphene and alkali metal atoms</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9601-5754</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Челнынцев</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Boroznin</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Челнынцев Иван Аркадьевич, аспирант кафедры судебной экспертизы и физического материаловедения</p><p>пр. Университетский, д. 100, г. Волгоград 400062</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey V. Boroznin, Dr. Sci. (Physical and Mathematical), Associate Professor, Head of the Forensic Examination and Physical Materials Science Department</p><p>100 Universitetskii Ave., Volgograd 400062</p><p>Researcher: ID F-1124-2014</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fna-241_588792@volsu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0110-2271</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Борознин</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chelnintsev</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Борознин Сергей Владимирович, доктор физико-математических наук, доцент, заведующий кафедрой судебной экспертизы и физического материаловедения</p><p>пр. Университетский, д. 100, г. Волгоград 400062</p><p>Researcher ID: F-1124-2014</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan A. Chelnintsev, Postgraduate Student, Post of the Forensic Examination and Physical Materials Science Department</p><p>100 Universitetskii Ave., Volgograd 400062</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">boroznin@volsu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Волгоградский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Volgograd State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>75</fpage><lpage>89</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Челнынцев И.А., Борознин С.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Челнынцев И.А., Борознин С.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Boroznin S.V., Chelnintsev I.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://techusgu.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/387">https://techusgu.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/387</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель - изучение механизмов адсорбции атомов Li, Na и K на бороуглеродных нанослоях BC, BC₃ и BC₅ с периодическим замещением углерода бором и оценка влияния концентрации бора на энергетические и электронные характеристики, определяющие сенсорный отклик.</p><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Расчёты выполнены в рамках теории функционала плотности с использованием гибридного функционала B3LYP и базиса 6-31G для кластерных моделей нанослоёв. Разорванные связи на границе кластера компенсировали атомами водорода для минимизации влияния краевых эффектов. Адсорбцию моделировали пошаговым сближением атомов щелочных металлов к трём ключевым центрам поверхности (центр гексагона, над атомом C, над атомом B) с шагом 0,2 Å в диапазоне 3,2 Å до равновесных расстояний. По рассчитанным значениям потенциальной энергии строили энергетические профили, определяли равновесные расстояния и энергии взаимодействия.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Для всех систем получены устойчивые адсорбционные комплексы: равновесные конфигурации соответствуют отрицательным энергиям взаимодействия, а энергетически предпочтительным адсорбционным центром является центр гексагона. Энергия взаимодействия достигает максимальных по модулю значений для нанослоя BC ₅ (до −3,04 эВ для Li, −2,44 эВ для Na и −2,71 эВ для K). Перенос заряда носит выраженно донорный характер: атомы металлов приобретают положительный заряд (+0,40…+0,86 e), тогда как атомы бора на поверхности могут аккумулировать отрицательный заряд (до −0,86 e); в спектрах плотности электронных состояний фиксируется появление дополнительных состояний вблизи дна зоны проводимости и смещение уровня Ферми. Максимальная ширина запрещённой зоны характерна для структуры BC ₃ (1,25–1,40 эВ). </p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Все бороуглеродные нанослои демонстрируют энергетически выгодную адсорбцию щелочных металлов. Изменение концентрации бора позволяет управлять энергией взаимодействия и электронными характеристиками, что важно для задач сенсорного и сорбционного характера.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose. To study the adsorption mechanisms of Li, Na, and K atoms on Boron-Carbon nanolayers (BC, BC₃ , and BC₅ ) with periodic substitution of Carbon by Boron, and to evaluate the effect of Boron concentration on the energetic and electronic characteristics governing the sensor response.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. The calculations were performed within density functional theory using the hybrid B3LYP functional and the 6-31G basis set for cluster models of the nanolayers. Dangling bonds at the cluster edges were passivated with hydrogen atoms to minimize edge effects. Adsorption was modeled by stepwise approach of alkali metal atoms toward three key surface sites (hexagon center, above a C atom, and above a B atom) with a step of 0.2 Å from 3.2 Å down to the equilibrium separations. Energy profiles were constructed from the computed potential energies, and the equilibrium distances and interaction energies were determined.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Stable adsorption complexes were obtained for all systems: the equilibrium configurations exhibit negative interaction energies, and the hexagon center is the energetically preferred adsorption site. The interaction energy attains the largest magnitudes for the BC ₅ nanolayer (up to −3.04 eV for Li, −2.44 eV for Na, and −2.71 eV for K). The charge transfer has a pronounced donor character: the metal atoms acquire a positive charge (+0.40 to +0.86 e), whereas surface boron atoms can accumulate negative charge (down to −0.86 e). The density-of-states spectra show the emergence of additional states near the conduction band minimum and a shift of the Fermi level. The widest band gap is characteristic of BC ₃ (1.25–1.40 eV).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. All Boron-Carbon nanolayers exhibit energetically favorable adsorption of alkali metals. Varying the boron concentration makes it possible to tune the interaction energy and electronic characteristics, which is important for sensing and sorption applications.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бороуглеродные нанослои</kwd><kwd>примеси атомов бора</kwd><kwd>чувствительные свойства</kwd><kwd>функционализация</kwd><kwd>щелочные металлы</kwd><kwd>полупроводники</kwd><kwd>запрещенная зона</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Boron-Carbon nanolayers</kwd><kwd>Boron doping</kwd><kwd>sensing properties</kwd><kwd>functionalization</kwd><kwd>alkali metals</kwd><kwd>semiconductors</kwd><kwd>band gap</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rapid, repetitive and selective NO₂ gas sensor based on boron-doped activated carbon fibers / D.-W. Kim, S. Ha, Y. Ko, J.-H. Wee, H.-J. Kim, S.Y. Jeong [et al.] // Applied Surface Science. 2020. 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