<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">techusgu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Юго-Западного государственного университета. Серия: Техника и технологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the Southwest State University. Series: Engineering and Technology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2223-1528</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Юго-Западный государственный университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21869/2223-1528-2023-13-1-102-119</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">techusgu-10</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИЗИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHYSICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Динамика активных пузырьков в магнитной жидкости  в неоднородном магнитном поле</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Dynamics of Active Bubbles in a Magnetic Fluid in an Inhomogeneous Magnetic Field</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9069-010X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соколов</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sokolov</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Соколов Евгений Александрович, аспирант кафедры нанотехнологий, микроэлектроники, общей и прикладной физики</p><p>ул. 50 лет Октября 94, г. Курск 305040</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeny A. Sokolov, Post-Graduate Student  of the Department of Nanotechnology, Micro- electronics, General and Applied Physics</p><p>50 Let Oktyabrya Str. 94, Kursk 305040</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">evgeniysokolov1@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калюжная</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalyuzhnaya</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Калюжная Дарья Анатольевна, магистрант кафедры нанотехнологий, микроэлектроники, общей и прикладной физики</p><p>ул. 50 лет Октября 94, г. Курск 305040</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Daria A. Kalyuzhnaya, Undergraduate of the Department of Nanotechnology, Microelectronics, General and Applied Physics</p><p>50 Let Oktyabrya Str. 94, Kursk 305040</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kalyuzhnaya.dariya@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рекс</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Reks</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рекс Александр Георгиевич, доктор физикоматематических наук, профессор, профессор  кафедры ЮНЕСКО «Энергосбережение и  возобновляемые источники энергии»</p><p>пр. Независимости 65, г. Минск 220013</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander G. Reks, Dr. of Sci. (Physics and Mathematics), Professor, Professor of the UNESCO Chair "Energy Saving and Renewable Energy Sources"</p><p>65 Nezavisimosti Ave., Minsk 220013</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">reks@bntu.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каленчук</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalenchuk</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Каленчук Валерий Иванович, лаборант,  студент кафедры нанотехнологий, общей  и прикладной физики</p><p>ул. 50 лет Октября 94, г. Курск 305040</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valery I. Kalenchuk, Laboratory Assistant, Student of the Department of Nanotechnology, General and Applied Physics</p><p>50 Let Oktyabrya Str. 94, Kursk 305040</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kalenchukvalery@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жуков</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhukov</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Жуков Григорий Алексеевич, лаборант,  студент кафедры нанотехнологий, общей  и прикладной физики</p><p>ул. 50 лет Октября 94, г. Курск 305040</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Grigory A. Zhukov, Laboratory Assistant, Student of the Department of Nanotechnology, General and Applied Physics</p><p>50 Let Oktyabrya Str. 94, Kursk 305040</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">grisha.zhukov.0303@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Политов</surname><given-names>Р. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Politov</surname><given-names>R. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Политов Роман Евгеньевич, лаборант,  студент кафедры нанотехнологий, общей  и прикладной физики</p><p>ул. 50 лет Октября 94, г. Курск 305040</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Roman E. Politov, Laboratory Assistant, Student of the Department of Nanotechnology, General  and Applied Physics</p><p>50 Let Oktyabrya Str. 94, Kursk 305040</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">politovroman03@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7712-0682</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ряполов</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryapolov</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ряполов Петр Алексеевич, доктор физико- математических наук, доцент, декан  естественно-научного факультета</p><p>ул. 50 лет Октября 94, г. Курск 305040</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Petr A. Ryapolov, Dr. of Sci. (Physics and Mathematics), Associate Professor, Dean of the Faculty of Natural Sciences</p><p>50 Let Oktyabrya Str. 94, Kursk 305040</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">r-piter@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Юго-Западный государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Southwest State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Белорусский национальный технический университет</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Belarusian National Technical University</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>102</fpage><lpage>119</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Соколов Е.А., Калюжная Д.А., Рекс А.Г., Каленчук В.И., Жуков Г.А., Политов Р.Е., Ряполов П.А., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Соколов Е.А., Калюжная Д.А., Рекс А.Г., Каленчук В.И., Жуков Г.А., Политов Р.Е., Ряполов П.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sokolov E.A., Kalyuzhnaya D.A., Reks A.G., Kalenchuk V.I., Zhukov G.A., Politov R.E., Ryapolov P.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://techusgu.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/10">https://techusgu.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/10</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Разработать способ генерации активных пузырьков и капель, содержащих немагнитное ядро и оболочку из магнитной жидкости, а также исследование влияния магнитного поля на их динамику. </p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Эксперименты проводились на экспериментальной установке для исследования динамики капельного и пузырькового течения в магнитных жидкостях, разработанной на основе известных методов. В качестве источника неоднородного магнитного поля использовался кольцевой постоянный магнит, помещенный сверху электромагнита. Для исследования влияния внешнего магнитного поля на динамику пузырьков или капель использовался постоянный магнит. Подача немагнитной фазы в канал осуществлялась с помощью шприцевого насоса. Динамика капельных и пузырьковых течений фиксировалась в проходящем свете осветителя с помощью высокоскоростной камеры (Nikon 1). </p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Проведены исследования динамики активных пузырьков и капель, образующихся в неоднородном поле кольцевого магнита путем введения немагнитной фазы в магнитную жидкость. Изучено влияние конфигурации магнитного поля на скорость, ускорение и размер активных капель. Показано явление самоорганизации пузырьков на поверхности масляного слоя и влияние на образующиеся включения внешнего магнитного поля. </p></sec><sec><title>Вывод</title><p>Вывод. В процессе проведения эксперимента установлено, что отделение немагнитных капель и пузырьков происходит из левитирующего немагнитного объема. Размер и динамику пузырьков и капель можно контролировать с помощью внешнего магнитного поля. При увеличении тока скорость капель увеличивается, ускорение уменьшается, размер уменьшается. Это объясняется изменением конфигурации поля, создаваемого комбинированным источником магнитного поля. При явлении самоорганизации немагнитных пузырьков, покрытых магнитной оболочкой, можно заметить, что их диаметр уменьшается с увеличением концентрации магнитной жидкости, а толщина оболочки увеличивается. Внесение магнита в направлении пузырьков делает магнитную оболочку пузырьков тоньше, что приводит к дальнейшему разрушению пузырьков в тех случаях, когда они покрыты оболочкой малоконцентрированной МЖ. В случае пузырьков, покрытых оболочкой концентрированных магнитных жидкостей, они не разрушаются. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose. To develop a method for generating active bubbles and droplets containing a non-magnetic core and a shell of magnetic fluid, as well as to study the influence of the magnetic field on their dynamics. </p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. The experiments were carried out on an experimental setup for studying the dynamics of droplet and bubble flow in magnetic liquids, developed based on known methods. An annular permanent magnet placed on top of an electromagnet was used as a source of an inhomogeneous magnetic field. A permanent magnet was used to study the effect of an external magnetic field on the dynamics of bubbles or droplets. The supply of the non-magnetic phase into the channel was carried out using a syringe pump. The dynamics of droplet and bubble flows were recorded by the passing light of the illuminator using a high-speed camera (Nikon 1). </p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Studies of the dynamics of active bubbles and droplets formed in an inhomogeneous field of an annular magnet were carried out by injection a non-magnetic phase into a magnetic liquid. The influence of the magnetic field configuration on the velocity, acceleration, and size of active droplets has been studied. The phenomenon of selforganization of bubbles on the surface of the oil layer and the influence of an external magnetic field on the resulting inclusions are shown. </p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. During the experiment, it was found that the separation of non-magnetic droplets and bubbles occurs from a levitating non-magnetic volume. The size and dynamics of bubbles and droplets can be controlled using an external magnetic field. As the current increases, the droplet velocity increases, the acceleration decreases, and the size decrease. This is due to a change in the configuration of the field created by the combined magnetic field source. With the phenomenon of self-organization of non-magnetic bubbles covered with a magnetic shell, it can be noticed that their diameter decreases with increasing concentration of magnetic fluid and the thickness of the shell increases. The application of a magnet in the direction of the bubbles makes the magnetic shell of the bubbles thinner, which leads to further destruction of the bubbles in cases when they are covered with a shell of low-concentrated MF. In the case of bubbles covered with a shell of concentrated magnetic liquids, they do not collapse. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>магнитные жидкости</kwd><kwd>активные капли</kwd><kwd>активные пузырьки</kwd><kwd>неоднородное магнитное поле</kwd><kwd>микрожидкость</kwd><kwd>магнитная гидродинамика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>magnetic fluids</kwd><kwd>active droplets</kwd><kwd>active bubbles</kwd><kwd>inhomogeneous magnetic field</kwd><kwd>microfluidics</kwd><kwd>magnetic hydrodynamic</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при поддержке гранта РНФ № 22-22-003113 https://rscf.ru/project/22-2200311.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation grant No. 22-22-00311, https://rscf.ru/project/22-22-00311/.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Actuating soft matter with magnetic torque / R. M. Erb, J. J. Martin, R. Soheilian, C. Pan, J. R. Barber // Adv. Funct. Mater. 2016. Vol. 26. P. 3859–3880. https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201504699.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Erb R. M., Martin J. J., Soheilian, R., Pan C., Barber J. R. Actuating soft matter with magnetic torque. Adv. Funct. Mater., 2016, vol. 26, pp. 3859–3880. https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201504699</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Multifunctional magnetic soft composites: A review / S. Wu, W. Hu, Q. Ze, M. Sitti, R. Zhao // Multifunct. Mater. 2020. Vol. 3. P. 042003. https://doi.org/10.1088/2399-7532/abcb0c.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wu S., Hu W., Ze Q., Sitti M., Zhao R. Multifunctional magnetic soft composites: A review. Multifunct. Mater., 2020, vol. 3, pp. 042003. https://doi.org/10.1088/2399-7532/abcb0c</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dynamically reconfigurable, multifunctional emulsions with controllable structure and movement / K. H. Ku, J. Li, K. Yoshinaga, T. M. Swager // Adv. Mater. 2019. Vol. 31. P. 1905569. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201905569.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ku K. H., Li J., Yoshinaga K., Swager T. M. Dynamically reconfigurable, multifunctional emulsions with controllable structure and movement. Adv. Mater., 2019, vol. 31, pp. 1905569. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201905569</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vékás L. Ferrofluids and magnetorheological fluids // Advances in Science and Technology. 2008. Vol. 54. P. 127–136. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AST.54.127.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vékás L. Ferrofluids and magnetorheological fluids. Advances in Science and Technology, 2008, vol. 54, pp. 127–136. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AST.54.127</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Torres-Díaz I., Rinaldi C. Recent progress in ferrofluids research: Novel applications of magnetically controllable and tunable fluids // Soft Matter. 2014. Vol. 10. P. 8584–8602. https://doi.org/10.1039/C4SM01308E.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Torres-Díaz I., Rinaldi C. Recent progress in ferrofluids research: Novel applications of magnetically controllable and tunable fluids. Soft Matter., 2014, vol. 10, pp. 8584–8602. https://doi.org/10.1039/C4SM01308E</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Genc S., Derin B. Synthesis and rheology of ferrofluids: A review // Curr. Opin. Chem. Eng. 2014. Vol. 3. P. 118–124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coche.2013.12.006.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Genc S., Derin B. Synthesis and rheology of ferrofluids: A review. Curr. Opin. Chem. Eng., 2014, vol. 3, pp. 118–124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coche.2013.12.006</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Joseph A., Mathew S. Ferrofluids: Synthetic strategies, stabilization, physicochemical features, characterization, and applications // ChemPlusChem. 2014. Vol. 79. P. 1382–1420. https://doi.org/10.1002/cplu.201402202.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Joseph A., Mathew S. Ferrofluids: Synthetic strategies, stabilization, physicochemical features, characterization, and applica tions. ChemPlusChem, 2014, no. 79, pp. 1382–1420. https://doi.org/10.1002/cplu.201402202</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang X., Sun L., Yu Y., Zhao Y. Flexible ferrofluids: Design and applications // Adv. Mater. 2019. Vol. 31. P. 1903497. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201903497.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang X., Sun L., Yu Y., Zhao Y. Flexible ferrofluids: Design and applications. Adv. Mater., 2019, vol. 31, pp. 1903497. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201903497</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Socoliuc V., Avdeev M. V., Kuncser V., Turcu R., Tombácz E., Vekas L. Ferrofluids and bio-ferrofluids: Looking back andstepping forward // Nanoscale. 2022. Vol. 14. P. 4786–4886. https://doi.org/10.1039/D1NR05841J.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Socoliuc V., Avdeev M. V., Kuncser V., Turcu R., Tombácz E., Vekas L. Ferrofluids and bio-ferrofluids: Looking back andstepping forward. Nanoscale, 2022, vol. 14, pp. 4786–4886. https://doi.org/10.1039/D1NR05841J</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rosensweig R. E. Ferrohydrodynamics. North Chelmsford, MA: USA Courier Corporation, 1985. 348 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rosensweig R. E. Ferrohydrodynamics. North Chelmsford, MA, USA, Courier Corporation. 1985. 348 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Berkovsky B. M., Medvedev V. F., Krakov M. S. Magnetic fluids: engineering applications. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 1993. 243 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Berkovsky B. M., Medvedev V. F., Krakov M. S. Magnetic fluids: engineering applications. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 1993. 243 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Papell S. S. Low viscosity magnetic fluid obtained by the colloidal suspension of magnetic particles. Luxembourg: MPK, 1965.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Papell S. S. Low viscosity magnetic fluid obtained by the colloidal suspension of magnetic particles. Luxembourg, MPK, 1965.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Colloidal magnetic fluids: basics, development and application of ferrofluids; ed. S. Odenbach. Berlin/Heidelberg, Germany: Springer, 2009. 429 p. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-54085387-9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Colloidal magnetic fluids: basics, development and application of ferrofluids; S. Odenbach ed. Lect. Notes Phys. 763. Berlin/Heidelberg, Germany, Springer, 2009. 429 p. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-85387-9</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yerin C. V. Particles size distribution in diluted magnetic fluids // J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 2017. Vol. 431. P. 27–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2016.09.122.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yerin C. V. Particles size distribution in diluted magnetic fluids. J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 2017, vol. 431, pp. 27–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2016.09.122</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cao Q., Han X., Li L. Configurations and control of magnetic fields for manipulating magnetic particles in microfluidic applications: Magnet systems and manipulation mechanisms // Lab. A. Chip. 2014. Vol. 14. P. 2762–2777. https://doi.org/10.1039/C4LC00367E.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cao Q., Han X., Li, L. Configurations and control of magnetic fields for manipulating magnetic particles in microfluidic ap plications: Magnet systems and manipulation mechanisms. Lab. A Chip., 2014, V. 14, pp. 2762–2777. https://doi.org/10.1039/C4LC00367E</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Динамика магнитных жидкостей и бидисперсных магнитных систем при колебательных сдвигах / Е. В. Шельдешова, П. А. Ряполов, А. Г. Рекс, А. В. Трепачев // Известия Юго-Западного государственного университета. Серия: Техника и технологии. 2022. Т. 12, № 3. С. 130–146. https://doi.org/10.21869/2223-1528-2022-12-3-130-146.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shel’deshova E. V., Ryapolov P. A, Reks A. G., TrepachevA. V. Dinamika magnitnykh zhidkostei i bidispersnykh magnitnykh sistem pri kolebatel'nykh sdvigakh [Dynamics of magnetic fluids and bidisperse magnetic systems under oscillatory shifts]. Izvestiya Yugo-Zapadnogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Tekhnika i tekhnologii = Proceedings of the Southwest State University. Series: Engineering and Technologies, 2022, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 130–146. https://doi.org/10.21869/2223-1528-2022-12-3-130-146</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ivanov A. S., Pshenichnikov A. F., Khokhryakova C. A. Floating of solid non-magnetic bodies in magnetic fluids: Comprehensive analysis in the framework of inductive approach // Phys. Fluids. 2020. Vol. 32. P. 112007. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0024195.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ivanov A. S., Pshenichnikov A. F., Khokhryakova C. A. Floating of solid non-magnetic bodies in magnetic fluids: Compre hensive analysis in the framework of inductive approach. Phys. Fluids, 2020, vol. 32, pp. 112007. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0024195</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zakinyan A. R., Zakinyan A. A. Rotating field induced torque on ferrofluid emulsion with deformable dispersed phase microdrops // Sens. Actuators A Phys. 2020. Vol. 314. P. 112347. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2020.112347.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zakinyan A. R., Zakinyan A. A. Rotating field induced torque on ferrofluid emulsion with deformable dispersed phase mi crodrops. Sens. Actuators A Phys., 2020, vol. 314, pp. 112347. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2020.112347</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bohara R. A., Thorat N. D., Pawar S. H. Role of functionalization: Strategies to explore potential nano-bio applications of magnetic nanoparticles // RSC Adv. 2016. Vol. 6. P. 43989– 44012. https://doi.org/10.1039/C6RA02129H.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bohara R. A., Thorat N. D., Pawar S. H. Role of functionalization: Strategies to explore potential nano-bio applications of magnetic nanoparticles. RSC Adv., 2016, vol. 6, pp. 43989–44012. https://doi.org/10.1039/C6RA02129H</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Review on recent progress in magnetic nanoparticles: Synthesis, characterization, and diverse applications / A. Ali, T. Shah, R. Ullah, P. Zhou, M. Guo, M. Ovais, Y. Rui // Front. Chem. 2021. Vol. 9. P. 629054. https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2021.629054.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ali A., Shah T., Ullah R., Zhou P., Guo M., Ovais M., Rui Y. Review on recent progress in magnetic nanoparticles: Synthesis, characterization, and diverse applications. Front. Chem., 2021, vol. 9, pp. 629054. https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2021.629054</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kianfar E. Magnetic nanoparticles in targeted drug delivery: A review // J. Supercond. Nov. Magn. 2021. Vol. 34. P. 1709–1735. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10948-021-05932-9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kianfar E. Magnetic nanoparticles in targeted drug delivery: A review. J. Supercond. Nov. Magn., 2021, vol. 34, pp. 1709–1735. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10948-021-05932-9</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nanocarriers for targeted drug delivery / A. Shah, S. Aftab, J. Nisar, M. N. Ashiq, F. J. Iftikhar // J. Drug Deliv. Sci. Technol. 2021. Vol. 62. P. 102426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102426.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shah A., Aftab S., Nisar J., Ashiq M. N., Iftikhar F. J. Nanocarriers for targeted drug delivery. J. Drug Deliv. Sci. Technol., 2021, vol. 62, pp. 102426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102426</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Magnetic nanoparticles for cancer theranostics: Advances and prospects / X. Li, W. Li, M. Wang, Z. Liao // J. Control Release. 2021. Vol. 335. P. 437–448. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.05.042.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li X., Li W.,Wang M., Liao Z. Magnetic nanoparticles for cancer theranostics: Advances and prospects. J. Control Release, 2021, vol. 335, pp. 437–448. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.05.042</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Magnetic nanoparticles — A multifunctional potential agent for diagnosis and therapy / R. S. Chouhan, M. Horvat, J. Ahmed, N. Alhokbany, S. M. Alshehri, S. Gandhi // Cancers. 2021. Vol. 13. P. 2213. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers13092213.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chouhan R. S., Horvat M., Ahmed J., Alhokbany N., Alshehri S. M., Gandhi S. Magnetic nanoparticles — A multifunctional potential agent for diagnosis and therapy. Cancers, 2021, vol. 13, pp. 2213. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers13092213</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liu X., Tian Y., Jiang L. Manipulating dispersions of magnetic nanoparticles // Nano Lett. 2021. Vol. 21. P. 2699–2708. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c04757.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liu X., Tian Y., Jiang L. Manipulating dispersions of magnetic nanoparticles. Nano Lett., 2021, vol. 21, pp. 2699–2708. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c04757</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Martínez-Pedrero F. Static and dynamic behavior of magnetic particles at fluid interfaces // Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 2020. Vol. 284. P. 102233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cis.2020.102233.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Martínez-Pedrero F. Static and dynamic behavior of magnetic particles at fluid interfaces. Adv. Colloid Interface Sci., 2020, vol. 284, pp. 102233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cis.2020.102233</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zentner C. A., Concellón A., Swager T. M. Controlled movement of complex double emulsions via interfacially confined magnetic nanoparticles // ACS Cent. Sci. 2020. Vol. 6. P. 1460–1466. https://doi.org/10.1021/acscentsci.0c00686.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zentner C. A., Concellón A., Swager T. M. Controlled movement of complex double emulsions via interfacially confined magnetic nanoparticles. ACS Cent. Sci., 2020, vol. 6, pp. 1460–1466. https://doi.org/10.1021/acscentsci.0c00686</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Non-contact manipulation of nonmagnetic materials by using a uniform magnetic field: Experiment and simulation / X. Li, P. Yu, X. Niu, H. Yamaguchi, D. Li // J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 2020. Vol. 497. P. 165957. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2019.165957.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li X., Yu P., Niu X., Yamaguchi H., Li D. Non-contact manipulation of nonmagnetic materials by using a uniform magnetic field: Experiment and simulation. J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 2020, vol. 497, pp. 165957. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2019.165957.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liquid flow and control without solid walls / P. Dunne, T. Adachi, A. A. Dev, A. Sorrenti, L. Giacchetti, A. Bonnin, T. M. Hermans // Nature. 2020. Vol. 581. P. 58–62. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3603029.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dunne P., Adachi T., Dev A. A., Sorrenti A., Giacchetti L., Bonnin A., Hermans T. M. Liquid flow and control without solid walls. Nature, 2020, vol. 581, pp. 58–62. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3603029</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhou Y., Xuan X. Diamagnetic particle separation by shape in ferrofluids // Appl. Phys. Lett. 2016. Vol. 109. P. 102405. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4962638.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhou Y., Xuan X. Diamagnetic particle separation by shape in ferrofluids. Appl. Phys. Lett., 2016, vol. 109, pp. 102405. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4962638</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Динамическое поведение газовых пузырьков и капель в магнитной жидкости в микрожидкостных чипах различной конфигурации в неоднородном магнитном поле / Д. А. Калюжная, Е. А. Соколов, А. О. Васильева, И. Ю. Сутарина, Е. В. Шельдешова, П. А. Ряполов // Известия Юго-Западного государственного университета. Серия: Техника и технологии. 2022, Т. 12, № 4. С. 152–167. https://doi.org/10.21869/2223-1528-2022-12-4-152-16.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kalyuzhnaya D. A., Sokolov E. A., Vasilyeva A. O., Sutyrina I. Y., Shel’deshova E. V., Ryapolov P. A. Dinamicheskoe povedenie gazovykh puzyr'kov i kapel'v magnitnoi zhidkosti v mikrozhidkostnykh chipakh razlichnoi konfiguratsii v neodnorodnom magnitnom pole [Dynamic behavior of gas bubbles and droplets in a magnetic liquid in microfluidic chips of various configuration in an inhomogeneous magnetic field]. Izvestiya Yugo-Zapadnogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Tekhnika i tekhnologii = Proceedings of the Southwest State University. Series: Engineering and Technologies, 2022, vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 152–167. https://doi.org/10.21869/2223-1528-2022-12-4-152-167</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Elasticity of an air cavity in a magnetic fluid on an annular magnet segment with changing magnetic field sign / V. M. Polunin, P. A. Ryapolov, K. S. Ryabtsev, N. S. Kobelev, I. A. Shabanova, V. V. Yushin, E. B. Postnikov // Russ. Phys. J. 2018. Vol. 61. P. 1347–1357. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11182-018-1540-1.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Polunin V. M., Ryapolov P. A., Ryabtsev K. S., Kobelev N. S., Shabanova I. A.,  Yushin V. V., Postnikov E. B. Elasticity of an air cavity in a magnetic fluid on an annular magnet segment with changing magnetic field sign. Russ. Phys. J., 2018, vol. 61, pp. 1347–1357. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11182-018-1540-1</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ryapolov P. A., Sokolov E. A., Postnikov E. B. Behavior of a gas bubble separating from a cavity formed in magnetic fluid in an inhomogeneous magnetic field // J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 2022. Vol. 549. P. 169067. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2022.169067.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ryapolov P. A., Sokolov E. A., Postnikov E. B. Behavior of a gas bubble separating from a cavity formed in magnetic fluid in an inhomogeneous magnetic field. J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 2022, vol. 549, pp. 169067. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2022.169067</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ряполов П. А., Соколов Е. А. Динамика немагнитных жидких и газообразных включений в магнитной жидкости в магнитном поле кольцевого магнита // Известия Юго-Западного государственного университета. Серия: Техника и технологии. 2021, Т. 11, № 1. С. 105–116.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ryapolov P. A., Sokolov E. A. Dinamika nemagnitnykh zhidkikh i gazoobraznykh vklyuchenii v magnitnoi zhidkosti v magnitnom pole kol'tsevogo magnita [Dynamics of Nonmagnetic Liquid and Gaseous Inclusions in a magnetic Fluidin the Magnetic Field of a Ring Magnet]. Izvestiya Yugo-Zapadnogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Tekhnika i tekhnologii =  Proceedings of the Southwest State University. Series: Engineering and Technologies, 2021, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 105–116.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Battat S., Weitz D. A., Whitesides G. M. Nonlinear phenomena in microfluidics // Chem. Rev. 2022. Vol. 122. P. 6921–6937. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00985.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Battat S., Weitz, D. A., Whitesides G. M. Nonlinear phenomena in microfluidics. Chem. Rev., 2022, vol. 122, pp. 6921–6937. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00985</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Magnetically actuated droplet manipulation and its potential biomedical applications / G. Huang, M. Li, Q. Yang, Y. Li, H. Liu, H. Yang, F. Xu // ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces. 2017. Vol. 9. P. 1155–1166. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.6b09017.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Huang G., Li M., Yang Q., Li Y., Liu H., Yang H., Xu F. Magnetically actuated droplet manipulation and its potential bio medical applications. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2017, vol. 9, 1155–1166. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.6b09017</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ferromagnetic liquid droplets with adjustable magnetic properties / X. Wu, R. Streubel, X. Liu, P. Y. Kim, Y. Chai, Q. Hu, T. P. Russell // Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 2021. Vol. 118. P. e2017355118. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.201735511.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wu X., Streubel R., Liu X., Kim P. Y., Chai Y., Hu Q., Russell T. P. Ferromagnetic liquid droplets with adjustable magnetic properties. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2021, vol. 118, pp. e2017355118. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.201735511</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Reconfigurable ferromagnetic liquid droplets / X. Liu, N. Kent, A. Ceballos, R. Streubel, Y. Jiang, Y. Chai, T. P. Russell // Science. 2019. Vol. 365. P. 264–267. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaw8719.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liu X., Kent N., Ceballos A., Streubel R., Jiang Y., Chai Y., Russell T. P. Reconfigurable ferromagnetic liquid droplets. Science, 2019, vol. 365, pp. 264–267. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaw8719</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Magnetic field-induced self-assembly of multiple nonmagnetic bubbles inside ferrofluid / Q. Z. Li, Z. L. Lu, D. Zhou, X. D. Niu, T. Q. Guo, B. C. Du, Y. Li // Phys. Fluids. 2021. Vol. 33. P. 103307. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0067426.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li Q. Z., Lu Z. L., Zhou D., Niu X. D., Guo T. Q., Du B. C., Li Y. Magnetic field-induced self-assembly of multiple nonmagnetic bubbles inside ferrofluid. Phys. Fluids, 2021, vol. 33, pp. 103307. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0067426</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Reconfigurable multifunctional ferrofluid droplet robots / X. Fan, X. Dong, A. C. Karacakol, H. Xie, M. Sitti // Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 2020. Vol. 117. P. 27916–27926. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2016388117.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fan X., Dong X., Karacakol A. C., Xie H., Sitti M. Reconfigurable multifunctional ferrofluid droplet robots. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2020, vol. 117, рр. 27916–27926. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2016388117</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Study on nonlinear magnetic droplets in a flow-focusing generator / J. Wu, L. Pei, X. He, Y. Cui, S. Xuan, X. Gong // Appl. Phys. Lett. 2019. Vol. 115. P. 031903. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5104296.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wu J., Pei L., He X., Cui Y., Xuan S., Gong, X. Study on nonlinear magnetic droplets in a flow-focusing generator. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2019, vol. 115, pp. 031903. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5104296</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Reconfigurable magnetic liquid metal robot for high-performance droplet manipulation / Y. Zhang, S. Jiang, Y. Hu, T. Wu, Y. Zhang, H. Li, J. Chu // Nano Lett. 2022. Vol. 22. P. 2923–2933. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c00100.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang Y., Jiang S., Hu Y., Wu T., Zhang Y., Li H., Chu J. Reconfigurable magnetic liquid metal robot for high-performance droplet manipulation. Nano Lett., 2022, vol. 22, pp. 2923–2933. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c00100</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Magnetic nanomotors in emulsions for locomotion of microdroplets / B. Kichatov, A. Korshunov, V. Sudakov, O. Petrov, V. Gubernov, E. Korshunova, A. Kiverin // ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces. 2022. Vol. 14. P. 10976–10986. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.1c23910</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kichatov B., Korshunov A., Sudakov V., Petrov O., Gubernov V., Korshunova E., Kiverin A. Magnetic Nanomotors in Emulsions for Locomotion of Microdroplets. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2022, vol. 4, pp. 10976–10986. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.1c23910</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
